AEBn batzuek badakite autodeterminazioa (self-determination) zer den

Txostena: Paul Williams-en Creating a Strategic Framework for Addressing the Conflict between Sovereignty and Self-Determination: Earned Sovereignty1

Hasierarako oharra: txosten horretan the principle of self-determination2 (aka, autodeterminazioaren printzipioa) aipatzen da, behin eta berriz, ez inongo mandangarik3

Txostenean ukitutako zenbait puntu interesgarri:

(1) Europan ere autodeterminazio mugimenduak daude4, tartean Euskal Herrian eta Katalunian

(2) Kataluniaren kasua: autodeterminazioa da funtsa5

(3) Garrantzitsua katalanen nahia da, ez Espainiako konstituzioa6

(4) Kataluniako egoera ‘berezia’ Europar Batasunak onartzen ez badu haren independentzia (eta euroa erabiliz)7

(5) Kosovo aipatzen da behin eta berriz txostenean, irabazitako subiranotasunaren eredu gisa8


2 The principle of self-determination refers to the right of a people to determine its own political destiny. Beyond this broad definition, however, no legal criteria determine which groups may legitimately claim this right in particular cases. Betty Miller Unterberger, Encyclopedia of American Foreign Policy, Self-Determination (2002), available at http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Self-Determination.aspx.The term self-determination in these remarks is used to characterize the various movements around the world where populations are seeking to gain greater political autonomy. Complete independence is not necessarily the ultimate, or necessary outcome of self-determination movements.”

4 In Europe and Eurasia there are currently over 20 active national self-determination movements,with at least 8 potentially poised to seek independence.” Ikus http://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/faculty_publications/114/.

5Once the Scottish referendum was put to rest, the EU immediately faced another selfdetermination crisis—this time in Catalonia. On November 9, 2014, almost 2 million Catalonian voters turned out to participate in a non-binding referendum for independence.”

6 If Catalonians eventually choose independence, they will seek international recognition as an independent state based on the will of the people, not on provisions of the Spanish constitution. As the International Court of Justice (ICJ) noted when reviewing the legality of Kosovo’s declaration of independence, there is no international legal bar against a sub-state entity declaring independence.”

7 “… , if the EU denies recognition to Catalonia, this may generate a frozen economic conflict in the core of Europe that would drain political capital and economic resources from an economically fragile Spain. This frozen economic conflict will also create a “state,” with the Euro as its currency and seven million Catalonians that could retain their EU citizenship while living outside the EU. Furthermore, in many European states, non-recognition would be perceived as anti-democratic. Such a move would be extremely difficult to justify, given that nearly three-dozen states have achieved recognition by EU member states in the past twenty-five years.

8 Earned Sovereignty: Earned sovereignty, as developed in recent state practice, entails the conditional and progressive devolution of sovereign powers and authority from a state to a sub-state entity under international supervision.”

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