Ia bukatuta?
Aipatu bezala, soilik daturik garrantzitsuenak edo eta nabarmenenak aipatuko ditut…
(Datu asko nire twitter-en kontuan ikus daitezke: @tobararbulu)
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(1/6) Every time this Admin has been asked what the goal of our war with Russia is, using Ukrainians as our proxy, (i.e. how will we know when victory is achieved?) they’ve dodged the question by declaring the president of Ukraine will make that decision & the U.S. will follow…
Erakutsi haria
(2/6) …his leadership. So, the most important foreign policy position our country has faced in the last 60 years is not being made by US Congress or an American president, but by the leader of a foreign country.
(3/6) “At the end of the day, what this looks like, what end state looks like will be defined by the Ukrainians and not by us. And so we’ll leave that up to President Zelenskyy and his leadership to talk about how this transitions.” —Lloyd Austin (Sec of Defense), May 23, 2022
(4/6) “The end state is defined by the political leadership, and in this case, President Zelenskyy is going to define the end state inside the boundaries of Ukraine.” —General Milley (Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff), May 23, 2022
(5/6) “President Zelensky is the democratically elected president of a sovereign nation, and only he can decide what victory is going to look like and how he wants to achieve it.” —John F. Kirby (Pentagon press secretary), April 29, 2022
(6/6) If handing over American sovereignty to the leader of another country isn’t treason, what is?
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Africa Archives ™@Africa_Archives
The Spanish Government accepted 110,000 refugees fleeing war in Ukraine but bludgeoned to death over 200 African refugees fleeing various wars. Refugees only matter when they are of a certain race. #MelillaMassacre
uooooo
The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Appears that Moscow will cut gas and oil supplies to all countries in totality that attempt to put any l price cap on Russian energy. They have been warned.
Oooooo
So ever since the US started hectoring other countries to economically isolate Russia, India has increased its imports of Russian oil by approximately 3233%
Txioa aipatu
ian bremmer@ianbremmer
eka. 27
imports of russian crude oil india pre-war: 30,000 barrels per day now: 1,000,00 china pre-war: 1,700,000 barrels per day now: 2,000,000
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My Administration will do everything in its lawful power to fight back against the devastating decision overturning Roe v. Wade and to protect the fundamental rights of women. Now, Congress must take action.
(Ikus https://www.unibertsitatea.net/blogak/heterodoxia/2022/07/02/ukraina-errusia-aeb-eb-nato-txina-39/ )
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
US has made it very clear that it never wants direct engagement with Russia in any war and yet they want to create new bases in Europe, more troop deployments and armaments etc. Has Europe not realised it is merely to enrich MIC and give a boost to US economic data?
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Russia and China are openly challenging the RULES BASED WORLD ORDER (Western-designed rules tailored to safeguard West, interests, imposed by force onto others) – Jens Stoltenberg
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Moscow is claiming that the SBU is preparing to stage a provocation in Southern Ukraine to accuse Russian forces of carrying out a chemical attack against civilians Appears we are back to that once again.
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
It’s dog eat dog wrt Europe The UK is ready to cut off gas supplies to mainland Europe in the event it is hit by severe shortages. The UK would cut two-way interconnectors to Belgium and Netherlands in such a scenario. EU needs to wake up and fast.
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NATO become tool for certain Countries to uphold hegemony. – Chinese FM spokesperson.
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
India’s biggest cement producer, UltraTech Cement is importing a cargo of Russian coal and paying using Chinese yuan. Dollar bugs claim this doesn’t happen.
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–Iran & Russia are completing the International North–South Transport Corridor.
–Iran is applying to join BRICS.
–Iran’s oil & gas sell well.
–Kazakhstan & Turkmenistan ask Iran to establish a transport corridor. Maximum pressure has failed & the US must accept Iran’s right
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1542067654176948227
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Defina “reducción progresiva”.
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Chrystia Freeland is almost as reluctant to discuss direct Canadian military intervention in Ukraine as she is to discuss the wartime activities of her Nazi collaborator grandfather, Michael Chomiak
Txioa aipatu
Bianca Mugyenyi@Bianca_Kabibi
eka. 29
Today I asked Deputy PM @cafreeland whether she sent Canadian special forces to fight Russia in Ukraine. I also asked whether we are at war w/ Russia & if she’s concerned about the possibility of nuclear war. Additionally, I asked if she thinks NATO is an aggressive alliance.
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1541943185735405568
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Not just the conversation, they will not finish the war the things are going…
Txioa aipatu
@zombie19@coviiid
eka. 29
@AZmilitary1 erabiltzaileari erantzuten
Just for laughs, these teenagers threaten Russia and its president Putin. They didn’t finish their conversation until a Russian shell landed very close to them. They ran away.
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1542257715988381696
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Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung in the article “Putin is looking for new alliances” writes that not only Argentina and Iran, but also Indonesia and Egypt can join the BRICS
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George Szamuely@GeorgeSzamuely
Putin on Johnson’s observation that were Putin a woman, he wouldn’t have attacked Ukraine. http://kremlin.ru/events/preside
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Putin on the G-7 proposal to strip down in order to look “cooler” than Putin. http://kremlin.ru/events/preside
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Novak:
A fairly large percentage of Russian oil and oil products has already been reorientated to Asia. Russian oil production in June has risen to 9.9m barrels per day.
As we and others predicted. West is going to pay a huge price for its cretinous behaviour.
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Wanted war criminal Mike #Pompeo correctly spells out the futile, megalomaniacal aims of the #NATO warlords: “We must prevent the formation of a pan-Eurasian colossus, incorporating #Russia but led by #China. To do that we have to strengthen NATO”. Thanks
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European gas prices are nearly approaching $1600 per 1000 cubic metres. Imagine if they had signed long term deals last year with Gazprom at $280? Moronic behaviour fuelled by self-induced paranoia
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Scholz: West will not lift sanctions if a peace agreement with Ukraine is on Russia’s terms. They still don’t grasp what is going to happen.
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Fiorella Isabel@FiorellaIsabelM
The U.S has bred the most insatiable warmongers who continue destroying nations abroad for imperialist goals. They’ve abandoned their citizens. They punish journalists like Assange for exposing this & it doesn’t change with presidents. So who’s the longest running “dictatorship?”
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Fiorella Isabel@FiorellaIsabelM
NEWS Russian President Vladimir Putin warned on Wednesday that if NATO’s military infrastructure is deployed in Finland and Sweden, Russia will have to respond.
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You missed the worst of them: Madeleine Albright. Liz Truss too should be on the list.
Txioa aipatu
Glenn Greenwald@ggreenwald
eka. 30
Some of this generation’s worst warmongers in US and UK were women: Condoleezza Rice, Hillary Clinton, Samantha Power, Nikki Haley, Susan Rice, Victoria Nuland, Baroness Ann Taylor. These vapid, regressive stereotypes are not more noble when masquerading as enlightened Allyship: twitter.com/CBSNews/status…
Erakutsi haria
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
New Philippines President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. stated that the Philippines values relations with China and wishes to participate in the BRI.
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Putin: Russia will respond if NATO sets up infrastructure in Finland, Sweden http://reut.rs/3yshrAQ
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
China has executed currency swaps in RMB with more than 40 countries. It’s alternative to SWIFT, CIPS is utilised in over 1,300 banks in 103 countries with more than 80 trillion1 yuan transacted through CIPS in 2021.
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Lavrov – the #NATO summit in Madrid once again indicated that NATO member states expect unconditional obedience to their will from all states.
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Last week they wanted to “decolonize” the “modern Russian Empire.” This week they want to establish their own. https://ft.com/content/dc5e1b27-f2ae-42f3-ac00-c40a411e33e1
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Consortium News@Consortiumnews
NATO Expands, Responding to War Caused by NATO Expansion
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After the earthquake in Afghanistan which killed over 1,000, the White House statement clams it is “the largest donor of humanitarian aid to Afghanistan.” In fact, the US froze $9bn2 of Afghan assets & said it will give $3.5 bn of those stolen funds for humanitarian assistance.
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
This still applies. Russia has demonstrated how defaulting on western debt is an irrelevance if you operate outside its financial system and the US Treasury has shown the world that’s the case by forcing this meaningless default. They truly are brain dead.
Txioa aipatu
The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
api. 15
Western #fintwit still hasn’t grasped that if you create your own financial system and trade zones with 87% of global population you can default on your western centric obligations because you don’t intend ever utilising it again.
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Chart of the year, or decade, and possibly one of the charts of the century so far: China now generated more renewable electricity than all of Europe https://bloomberg.com/news/articles
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NATO is a security threat to the whole World. It has been the source of killing, war and disability for decade. Not Russia and China.
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Europe suffers from anti Russian sanctions more than the United States, perhaps Washington wants to weaken the EU. – Lavrov.
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The calls to Ukraine to keep fighting and to abandon any further negotiations prove that the US and NATO do not care for the Ukrainia people’s interests. They use Ukraine to reinforce their role and positions in the World, to reaffirm their hegemonism. – Vladimir Putin.
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West trapped Itself by failing to foresee weakening of its dominance. – Putin.
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“China basically didn’t show up in terms of any commitments to deal with climate change” Joe Biden Actions speak louder than words Joe…
Txioa aipatu
Justin Guay@Guay_JG
eka. 30
So offshore wind is basically China’s already. Wow
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4 years of a Biden presidency will go down as among the most destructive to the nation as history has ever witnessed.
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Black in the Empire@blackintheempir
Let’s see how strong that NATO alliance is when Europe is freezing their asses off this winter
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“China is threatening our security,” they said. #NATOSummit
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Chinese Embassy in Switzerland@ChinaEmbinCH
President of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan on Friday met with visiting senior Chinese diplomat Yang Jiechi to discuss bilateral ties and ways to boost cooperation.
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
EC is seeking to ensure the transit of goods to Kaliningrad via Lithuania is permitted at the volumes in place before the start of the Ukraine war.
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Side-event about Donbass
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Thousands of #Polish people took part in a pro #Russian and pro #BRICS rally in #Warsaw. A way of saying no to #NATO and the G7. Thank you @LucyGatsby
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543260828731723776
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Seyed Mohammad Marandi@s_m_marandi
Axis of Evil
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Puerto Rico has no public swimming pools. It has no public libraries. It does not have many summer essentials. We are a colony whose resources (people and natural resources) have been exploited by the United States. Feliz cuarto of Julio amigos.
(Ibarretxe-ren lur paradisua!!!! )
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Russians With Attitude@RWApodcast
With today’s capture of Lisichansk by the 6th Cossack Regiment of the Lugansk People’s Militia, the Akhmat Regiment and regular units of the Russian Armed Forces, the Lugansk People’s Republic is fully in control of her territory.
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Fiorella Isabel@FiorellaIsabelM
BREAKING The Pentagon confirms what Biden boasts about here. The U.S will soon give Ukraine $800 million more in a hefty military aid package that includes new western air defense systems among an onslaught of other weapons.
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WowProf. Jeffrey Sachs: “I chaired the commission for the Lancet for 2 years on Covid. I’m pretty convinced it came out of a US lab of biotechnology […] We don’t know for sure but there is enough evidence. [However] it’s not being investigated, not in the US, not anywhere.“
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Former President Barack #Obama spearheaded an agreement leading to the construction of biolabs handling “especially dangerous pathogens” in #Ukraine – https://iotwreport.com/deleted-web-pa
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PEOPLE BEING HAPPY THAT ARE LIBERATED IN LISICHANSK,THEY WERE AFFRAID BUT NOT ANYMORE… DENAZIFICATION CONTINUES
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543329812063965185
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#BREAKING Lukashenko accuses Ukraine of firing missiles on Belarus, state media reports
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Soholz: Putin is the leader of a very great country in which many people live, with great means and so he will be able to continue the special operation for a very long time.
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At the end of April, Berlin stated that oil from Russia accounted for 12% of total German imports. However in May the percentage was actually determined to be 27.8%.
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Kimberly Prather, Ph.D.@kprather88
I cannot believe how hard it is to help the world understand that the virus that causes COVID-19 is airborne. You can protect yourself with better masks, ventilation, and filtered indoor air. It is that simple.
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“Ukraine’s ambassador to Germany denied that Ukrainian national leader Stepan Bandera was responsible for the mass murder of ethnic Poles and Jews, and also sought to justify his collaboration with Nazi Germany.“
Txioa aipatu
Notes from Poland @notesfrompoland
uzt. 1
Poland’s foreign ministry has intervened after Ukraine’s ambassador to Germany denied that Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera was responsible for the mass murder of ethnic Poles and Jews, and sought to justify his collaboration with Nazi Germany https://notesfrompoland.com/2022/07/01/pol
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When you watch Ukrainian officials lovingly interviewed by CNN or BBC, they often have photos of national hero Stepan Bandera on their wall. He’s a Nazi collaborator who mass-murdered Jews and Poles. Watch German journalist
interview Ukraine’s Amb to Germany on this
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543221160187502596
Erakutsi haria
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Imran Khan: The future of Pakistan is connected with Russia.
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@tobararbulu # mmt@tobararbulu
Bai, jende gutxi baina batzuek oso garbi daukate ‘afera’.
Zorionak!
Una artista pide retirar una obra suya del museo Reina Sofía por albergar actos de la OTAN -…
Comparto mi carta enviada al Museo Reina Sofia solicitando se retire mi trabajo de la exposición “Vasos Comunicantes” debido a la decisión del museo de permitir la celebración de un acto político en el marco de la Cumbre de la OTAN utilizando el Guernica como telón de fondo.
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Fiorella Isabel@FiorellaIsabelM
This is the resistance the U.S left relies on folks-a narcissistic Instagram influencer rebranded as a “progressive” politician. The U.S is beyond reform & any real opposition to the empire within the left is so small & powerless-bc of THIS-that it’s non-existent.
Txioa aipatu
John Gage@johnrobertgage
uzt. 2
.@AOC says she is getting her nails done as an act of “resistance” post-Dobbs.
Erakutsi haria
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Great analysis of the unprecedented humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan by The Convo Couch. Watch the full show here: https://youtu.be/si4oXOnnc-U #Afghanistan
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Folks Biden doesn’t even know who’s fighting who in Ukraine or his geography. “We got on the telephone, he suggested we call the leader of, uh, of Switzerland. Switzerland! My goodness. I’m getting really anxious here about expanding NATO, of Sweden.”
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1542821962161876992
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Great conversation with Fiorella Isabel Ukraine War | U.S. Empire Decline | South Americ… https://youtu.be/1GHxpfUmVbQ via
Youtube.com
Fiorella Isabel Joins | Ukraine War | U.S. Empire Decline | South…
Support the show https://www.patreon.com/RevolutionaryBlackout
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Many people are confused as to why high oil & gasoline prices aren’t resulting in significantly more oil production & refining. But the reason is simple: President Biden has actively prevented it since taking office in the name of climate change.
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Meet the military veteran who trained Patriot Front in combat tactics and has been praised by the media for killing Russians in Ukraine
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#Russian defence minister reports complete liberation of the Russian speaking #Lugansk Republic, formerly a province of #Ukraine, which was held under siege by #NATO backed ultra nationalists including open NeoNazis since the Kiev coup of 2014. https://english.almayadeen.net/news/politics/shoigu-to-putin:-entire-lugansk-region-under-control
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Russian advances in the Lisichansk area between June 25th & July 3rd
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543652233891528705
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You either genuinely care about Ukrainian civilians or you care about “sticking it to Putin”. But you can’t claim to care about Ukrainians while beating a war drum because all its resulting in is loss and life and land. If you think this is about freedom or democracy…
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A year after US war crime of throwing atomic bombs on Hiroshima & Nagasaki, US generals celebrated a big party with an atomic bomb cake Before US nuked Japan, Japan had already announced their surrender, so it is US lie that the bombs caused Japan to surrender & ended up WW2.
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Denis Pushilin, head of the DPR, congratulated the residents of the Lugansk People’s Republic on their “complete liberation from eight years of Ukrainian occupation“
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Former President Barack #Obama spearheaded an agreement leading to the construction of biolabs handling “especially dangerous pathogens” in #Ukraine – https://iotwreport.com/deleted-web-para
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@tobararbulu # mmt@tobararbulu
EXCLUSIVE: Deleted Web Pages Show Obama Led an Effort To Build a Ukraine-Based BioLab Handling ‘Especially Dangerous Pathogens’.
EXCLUSIVE: Deleted Web Pages Show Obama Led an Effort To Build a Ukraine-Based BioLab Handling…
(Ikus artikuluaren segida gehigarrietan, blog honetako hurrengo sarreran)
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The locals in Lysychansk sure seem to hold their “occupiers” in high esteem: Russian soldiers: “We have arrived. Its over!” Ukrainian women: “Oh thank god! We have been waiting for you… to help get rid of the inhumans (Ukrainian Army)!
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543693428059303937
Txioa aipatu
Sandy Hendry@SandyHendry
uzt. 3
@DenisRogatyuk erabiltzaileari erantzuten
Now Russia has to govern the cities it has flattened (as if it needed more land) and find some people to populate it, given Ukrainians and Russian intellectuals are all fleeing to the west.
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Fiorella Isabel@FiorellaIsabelM
NEWS Putin will not be sending congratulations to the U.S on their “Independence Day.” “Congratulations this year can hardly be considered appropriate. The United States’ unfriendly policies are the reason.”-Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov
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NeoNazism in #Ukraine – including the planned expulsion and slaughter of Poles, Gypsies/Roma, Russians, communists and Jews – is not a thing of the past. Stepan #Bandera on their current stamps.
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@nytimes incapable of writing a report on Russia in Ukraine without bringing up the nonsensical claim that Russia suffered some sort of a “defeat” at Kiev. No evidence for this, but it’s now part of Western media folklore. https://nytimes.com/live/2022/07/0
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erabiltzaileari erantzuten
HAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA. To learn more about these spineless libertarian types, check out my recent interview with George.
josbcf.substack.com
El Nino Speaks 39: Refuting the Corporate Press’s Disinformation...
Listen now (61 min) | George Szamuely of The Gaggle Breaks Down Major Myths of the Russo-
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While the western media is focused on painting Russia as the villain they’re ignoring that in the middle of the night Ukraine launched an attack in the Russian city of Belgorod, hitting a house & killing several civilians. They want Russia to respond so they can cry violence.
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1543950215626887168
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The European Union did have some valid principles, including human rights values like self-determination, but Brussels bureaucrats abandoned the principles of the European Convention on Human Rights long ago.
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Amazing how European politicians can talk about Russian war crimes, without even mentioning the war crimes committed by Ukrainian forces against the peoples of Donetsk and Lugansk 2014-22.
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More and more the EU starts looking like NATO — both engage in aggressive policies and both are colonialist at heart. Imperial narcissism flourishes in Brussels.
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The debate must move away from state-centered intransigence and focus instead on self-determination. If Ukraine had respected the right of its 30% Russian population to self-determination, we would not have today’s mess.
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Australia, with its history as a colony, looks and sounds ridiculous mimicking the belligerent tone of the colonising Empires, towards China. Prime Minister, we expect better of you. This is not in Australia’s interests, nor the planet’s
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US plans to undermine Venezuelan economy will not come true, Moscow will support Caracas. – Lavrov.
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Russia has made a decisive break with the West, and is ready to help shape a new World order. – Dmitry Trenin.
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#Ukraine: survivors of #Lysychansk talk about their ordeals of living under the #Ukrainian Army. You won’t see this on CNN, etc. Via @DenisRogatyuk and
Bideoa, hemen: https://twitter.com/i/status/1544046545242398727
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Christopher Miller@ChristopherJM
I spoke today with a long-time Ukrainian soldier & contact who’s been in Donbas since 2014; he’s now in a leadership role. He was wounded by 82mm mortar days ago & hospitalized. 2 pieces of shrapnel remain stuck in him. He confirmed Ukrainian forces are suffering huge casualties.
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Western countries are supplying Ukraine with weapons that are stored in direct proximity to densely populated civilian infrastructure which is done deliberately. – Maria Zakharova.
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Now Russia have in Moscow: “Lugansk People’s Republic Square” at the British Embassy and “Donetsk People’s Republic Square” at the US Embassy.
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We sent Ukraine all the weapons we had in stock. – Scholz. – NEVER TRUST GERMANS.
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Domination of one country or a group of countries on the Global stage is not only counter productive, but also dangerous and inevitably creates Global and systemic risk. – Vladimir Putin.
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Industry officials from Iran, Russia, and Turkey are considering a joint program to design and build cars in view of disruptions caused by Western sanctions,
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The Sirius Report@thesiriusreport
Germany reported its first monthly trade deficit in over 30 years after exports “unexpectedly” fell in May. The deficit was €1bn, the first since 1991.
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RIP German manufacturing.
Txioa aipatu
Holger Zschaepitz@Schuldensuehner
uzt. 4
Good Morning from #Germany, which is falling as an economic powerhouse on a global scale. Germany’s trade surplus is gone. Foreign trade balance came in at MINUS €1bn in May, which is the 1st negative print since 1991 due to its energy problems & weakness in manufacturing.
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Much better to use their own currency, the ruble, without any peg to anything at all. Learn #MMT https://new-wayland.com/blog/the-unreasonable-ineffectiveness-of-sanctions-on-russia/
Txioa aipatu
Kim Dotcom@KimDotcom
uzt. 4
UPDATE: According to Bloomberg the Russian ruble is now the best performing currency in 2022. All it took was to peg the ruble to Russian gold reserves and charging energy customers in ruble. This simple fact shows you how utterly incompetent @JoeBiden and his strategists are. twitter.com/POTUS/status/1…
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23 Principles of International Order: A Roadmap to Peace
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Scott Ritter
A face slapping known as a butt whooping
Scott Ritter: ‘Two-Front War: Biden’s Mouth is Writing Checks the US Military Can’t Cash’
Scott Ritter: ‘Two-Front War: Biden’s Mouth is Writing Checks the US Military Can’t Cash
Scott Ritter and Experts on NATO’s aggressive Reshaping
NATO’s become a self-licking ice cream cone
WTF: Russia Exchanged Azov Fighters? Scott Ritter Answers Question From A…
Scott Ritter and Experts on Indifference between G7 and NATO Summits
SCOTT RITTER ON NATO’S TROOPS IN EUROPE; LITHUANIA POKING THE BEAR,
‘The world sees this as a deliberately orchestrated European conflict’ – ex-Indian
Peter Lavelle and His Guest Discuss NATO Doubling Down on Conflict With Russia
Scott Ritter: The United States is Escalating a DANGEROUS War against China over
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Alfred Maurice de Zayas {born 31 May 1947 in Havana, Cuba), also known as Alfred de Zayas, is an American lawyer, writer, historian, a leading expert in the field of human rights and international law.
From 2012 until April 2018, he was the United Nations (UN) Independent Expert on the Promotion of a Democratic and Equitable International Order (also known as Special Rapporteur), appointed by the United Nations (UN) Human Rights Council.
23 Principles of International Order: A Roadmap to Peace
UN Independent Expert on International Order 2012-2018
In my 2018 report to the UN Human Rights Council I formulated 23 principles of international order, framed within the context of the UN Charter, pertinent UN resolutions [1], customary international law and general principles of law. I noted that the UN Charter is akin to a world constitution, which, if implemented in good faith, would enable all states to operate on the basis of a “rules based international order”. This slogan-like concept, frequently abused by some politicians, is a precondition for multilateral cooperation aimed towards promoting peace and prosperity for allhumankind . Indeed, the purposes and principles of the United Nations (as laid out in Articles 1 and 2 of the Charter) would suffice to achieve, step by step, enhanced human rights, development, self-determination, fair trade, international solidarity, peace and security. Nearly 77 years after the entry into force of the UN Charter on 24 October 1945, humanity is yet to achieve the noble goals of the United Nations.
For norms to be effective, whether in the context of domestic or international law, it is axiomatic that there must be consensus about the meaning of legal terms, and that neither the facts nor the law can be subject to arbitrary reinterpretation. Selectivity in the application of norms or the introduction of ambiguity and uncertainty in the meaning of words or in the intended scope of treaties and oral agreements destroys an essential element of law, namely predictability, what German jurists call Rechtssicherheit.
Alas, many powerful countries instrumentalize the UN Charter and apply it opportunistically to advance short-term and long-term geopolitical agendas. The international disorder we live in today is a result of a cavalier attitude to the logic of law, double standards and a gross absence of good faith on the part of certain key players on the international chessboard [2]. In fact, we witness the serial breach of diplomatic commitments, gentlemen’s agreements, and international treaties in total impunity.
As an American and Swiss citizen, I have denounced what I call a “culture of cheating” in international relations, and the destruction of language through unilateral redefinition of concepts, an echo of what Orwell called “newspeak” and cognitive dissonance. We witness a breakdown in civilized intercourse among nations, a departure of centuries-old diplomatic practice, reflecting the intention of some countries to achieve “full spectrum dominance” and their refusal to accept the sovereign equality of other states and the growing tendency to apply international norms à la carte.
Thanks to the input of UN colleagues and academics, I have continued recalibrating my “Principles of International Order”, and recently republished a more mature catalogue of 25 principles in my book “Building a Just World Order” [3]:
1. The paramount principle of international order is Peace.
2. The UN Charter takes priority over all other treaties [4].
3. Resolutions and decisions of the UN Security Council are legally binding.
4. International law and human rights law must be applied uniformly and in good faith.
5. International humanitarian law and international human rights law are mutually reinforcing legal regimes, grounded in the principles of respect for human dignity and justice.
6. States must respect not only the letter of the law, but also the spirit of the law.
7. General principles of law (Statute of the International Court of Justice, Article 38, para 1(c)) inform the interpretation and guide the application of international law [5].
8. International law is dynamic and progresses with the adoption of new treaties and conventions by the United Nations and its specialized agencies, with inter-State practice and the adoption of treaties within the framework of regional inter-governmental organizations, as well as with the binding resolutions of the Security Council, General Assembly, and the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court and the UN human rights treaty bodies.
9. The principles of humanity and human dignity are the source of all human rights.
10. The right of self-determination of peoples as stipulated in the Charter and in common article 1 of the ICCPR and ICESCR is a fundamental principle of international law (jus cogens) and international public policy (ordre public).
11. “The scope of the principle of territorial integrity is confined to the sphere of relations between States” [6].
12. Statehood depends on four criteria: population, territory, government (effective control) and the ability to enter into relations with other States
13. Every State has an inalienable right to choose its political, economic, social and cultural systems, without interference in any form by another State [7].
14. Peoples possess sovereignty over their natural resources.
15. All peoples have the right to their homeland, their culture and identity.
16. States shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any other.
17. States have a positive duty to negotiate and settle their international disputes by peaceful means.
18. The principle of non-intervention is part of customary international law.
19. States must refrain from interfering in matters within the internal jurisdiction of another State [8].
20. States have a duty to protect and preserve the natural environment and the common heritage of humankind.
21. State sovereignty is superior to commercial and other agreements.
22. Everyone has the right to international solidarity as a human right.
23. The right to know and the right to access reliable information is an essential component of the national and international democratic order.
24. Violations of international law and international human rights law by powerful States and/or permanent members of the Security Council do not create legal precedents, change the UN Charter, or result in a “new international law”.
25. Wherever there is a violation of international law or human rights law, there is a State obligation to provide prompt, adequate and effective remedies (ubi jus, ibi remedium). The rule of pacta sunt servanda (treaties must be implemented) must prevail.
Chapter 2 of “Building a Just World Order” furnishes extensive commentary on each of these principles. Length limitations do not permit us to do so in this essay. Suffice to say, if States were to respect the UN Charter and implement their treaty obligations in good faith, we would have a more peaceful planet.
For international peace and security and for the enjoyment of human rights by all members of the human family, the implementation of principles 1, 6, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 25 must be our priority. The alpha and omega of international order is to create a security architecture for all states so as to reduce tensions, prevent conflict and ensure durable peace. This has nothing to do with the Roman concept of imposing “peace”, or the Pax Romana, namely, solitudinem faciunt, pacem appellant (make a desert and call it peace, Tacitus, Agricola).
What is urgent and necessary is to proactively create the conditions of domestic and international justice and the mechanisms for peaceful settlement of disputes so that armed conflict is rendered obsolete. This entails the readiness to make compromises, to negotiate in good faith, respect the sovereign equality of states and the self-determination of peoples.
Since the end of the Second World War, countless wars have been fought over self-determination…wars of liberation from imperialistic, colonial, neo-colonial rule, economic subjugation, theft of natural resources [9]. Yet, it is not the right of self-determination that triggers war, but the unjust denial thereof. It is high time that the UN realizes that the realization of the right of self-determination of peoples is a conflict-prevention strategy, and that it is the UN’s responsibility to mediate in cases of legitimate self-determination grievances [10], conduct and monitor self-determination referenda where appropriate, including in West Sahara, Kashmir, West Papua, Kurdistan, Catalonia, Corsica, Sri Lanka, Southern Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, etc3. Had UN referenda been conducted in a timely fashion in Crimea and Donbas (e.g. in 1991 when Ukraine seceded from the Soviet Union, or in 2014 after the Maidan coup d’état), the current armed conflict in Ukraine would not be taking place.
Crucial for peace is the rigorous observance of Article 2(3) of the UN Charter. Negotiation is much more than speaking with an adversary. It requires good faith and the readiness to compromise. Intransigence is not a viable option. It is necessary to proactively look for and craft a viable quid pro quo. Both sides must be prepared to make concessions in the name of peace. Negotiation cannot mean “unconditional surrender” by one part and “winner takes all” by the other. Nor can it mean only a pro-forma presence at meetings in which one side refuses to budge. The failure of negotiations over a period of 8 years in the context of the Minsk Accords, OSCE and the Normandy Format can be attributed to the adamant refusal on the part of the US and NATO to honour to prior agreements and to stop its provocations. The record shows that a readiness to compromise was totally absent on the side of US and NATO when it came to the central issue of NATO expansion and the crafting of a European security architecture that would take into account both Ukrainian and Russian security concerns. NATO’s consistent refusal to recognize Russia’s vital interests in a modicum of security certainly made a mockery of the obligations laid out in Art. 2(3) of the UN Charter.
Indeed, in order for negotiations under article 2(3) to succeed, both sides must adopt certain confidence-building measures, must refrain from incendiary language and demonization of the other. An analysis of the media coverage of the Ukraine crisis since 2014, particularly in the United States and NATO countries, reveals multiple violations of article 20 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which prohibits incitement to racial hatred and violence and propaganda for war.
At this stage, it is opportune to clarify that article 2(4) of the UN Charter prohibits not only the use of force (e.g. by Russia in its Special Military Pperation in Ukraine on February 24, 2022), but also the threat of the use of force by NATO and Ukraine, the de facto NATO expansion into Ukraine, the delivery of lethal weapons to Ukraine in the period 2014-2022, President Zelensky’s public stance rejecting the commitments of the Minsk Accords and his decision to retake Crimea and Donbas by military force. It does not take a degree in nuclear physics to understand that any country would have reason to feel menaced by the reality of military encirclement, and NATO’s hostile arming of Ukraine since the 2014 coup [11].
Besides the obvious violation of the right of self-determination of the peoples of Crimea and Donbas, US, NATO and Ukrainian statements constituted a growing menace to the national security of Russia. OSCE reports confirm that the vast majority of the breaches of the Minsk Accords originated in Ukraine, with an exponential growth in February 2022. It can be documented that in a very real sense, the armed conflict in Ukraine did not start on February 24, 2022 but rather on February 22, 2014, when the democratically elected government of Victor Yanukovych was overthrown in the Maidan coup instigated and partly financed by the United States and NATO.
Another gross breach of the international order is evidenced by the growing interference by certain countries in the internal affairs of other states. Unilateral coercive measures violate numerous principles of international law and countless resolutions of the UN General Assembly and UN Human Rights Council [12]. Alas, these resolutions are considered “soft law” and are ignored by those States imposing the sanctions.
Among the “collateral damage” of the sanctions and financial blockades is a major dislocation of supply chains and the impossibility to implement trade agreements with consequences for the entire world, including the danger of famine and the aggravation of pandemics. As has been abundantly documented in the reports of the UN Special Rapporteurs on the adverse impacts of Unilateral Coercive Measures Dr. Idriss Jazairy and Prof. Dr. Alena Douhan, it is always the most vulnerable who suffer the consequences of UCMs. It is obscene to disguise such purely geopolitical sanctions in the language of the promotion of human rights. Sanctions kill [13]. Hence, sanctions must be seen as geopolitical crimes and as crimes against humanity pursuant to article 7 of the Statute of Rome. The UN General Assembly should quantify the adverse impacts of UCMs and refer the matter to the International Court of Justice for an advisory opinion. It is sad to realize that the benefits of globalization and economic interdependence are being destroyed by illegal UCMs. The entire world is held hostage to the imperial arrogance and the criminal intransigence of those states that impose sanctions for reasons of “full spectrum dominance”.
Article 2(4) of the UN Charter clearly was intended to prohibit coercion by States. Surely if the military bombardment of a city is illegal, the siege of a country through comprehensive sanctions and financial blockades intended to cause famine and chaos must similarly be seen as contrary to the letter and spirit of Article 2(4). This is a legal issue calls for clarification both by the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court. In this context it should be remembered that the Nazi siege of Leningrad 1941-44 killed nearly a million human beings. Unilateral coercive measures currently imposed by the US and its allies against Belarus, Cuba, Nicaragua, North Korea, Russia, Syria, Venezuela have certainly caused tens of thousands of deaths and should be unanimously condemned by the international community.
By way of conclusion let us remember that the continued arms race, the production and stockpiling of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear weapons, constitute the greatest danger for the survival of the human race [14]. Military alliances which are not defensive in nature but have engaged in aggressive wars and committed war crimes in countries such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, Syria and Yugoslavia should be judged according to the Nuremberg principles. The question must be raised whether because of its record of war crimes committed with total impunity, NATO could be brought within the meaning of articles 9 and 10 of the Statute of the Nuremberg Tribunal concerning “criminal organizations”.
My 25 Principles of International Order are a modest contribution to our awareness that the survival of the human species is endangered and that the nuclear doomsday clock is ticking.
1. In particular GA Resolution 2625 on Friendly Relations.
2. Zbigniew Brezinski, The Grand Chessboard: American Primacy and Its Geostrategic Imperatives. New York: Basic Books, 1997.
3. https://www.claritypress.com/product/building-a-just-world-order/ published in September 2021.
4. UN Charter Article 103, the “supremacy clause”.
5. Among general principles of law we recognize good faith, estoppel, reciprocity, proportionality, ex injuria non oritur jus (a breach of law does not give rise to new law), the prohibition of the abuse of rights, sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas (use your rights but do not encroach on others), the prohibition of contracts or treaties that are contra bonos mores (against good morals), the impartiality of judges, non-selectivity, the principle of non-intervention in the internal affairs of States (General Assembly Resolutions 2131 (XX), 2625 (XXX), 3314 (XXXIV), 36/103), audiatur et altera pars (all sides must be heard), actori incumbit onus probandi (plaintiff carries the burden of proof), presumption of innocence, the customary rule that domestic law cannot be invoked to undermine international treaties (Art. 27 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties ), and the “unwritten laws” of humanity (It is not only the written law that must be applied, but also the broader principles of natural justice as already recognized in Sophocles’ Antigone).
6. Thus rules the International Court of Justice in paragraph 80 of its Advisory Opinion on the Unilateral Declaration of Independence by Kosovo. https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/141/advisory-opinions
7. See also General Assembly Resolutions 2625, 3314, 39/11 and 60/1.
8. GA Resolution 2131 (XX) “No State may use or encourage the use of economic, political or any other type of measures to coerce another State in order to obtain from it the subordination of the exercise of its sovereign rights and to secure from it advantages of any kind.” http://www.un-documents.net/a20r2131.htm Unilateral coercive measures are incompatible with the United Nations Charter. Only the Security Council can impose sanctions under Chapter VII of the Charter. Therefore, States shall refrain from imposing unilateral coercive measures, sanctions and financial blockades on other countries. When unilateral coercive measures cause widespread hunger and death, they may amount to crimes against humanity under article 7 of the Statute of the International Criminal Court.
9. See Human Rights Council Resolution 48/7 of October 2021 on the sequels of colonialism.
10. See Chapter 5 of « Building a Just World Order”.
11. John Mearsheimer, The Great Delusion, 2018. https://www.economist.com/by-invitation/2022/03/11/john-mearsheimer-on-why-the-west-is-principally-responsible-for-the-ukrainian-crisis
12. See GA Resolution 76/161 of 16 December 2021 https://static.un.org/en/ga/76/resolutions.shtml
and HR Council Resolution 46/5 of 23 March 2021 https://undocs.org/Home/Mobile?FinalSymbol=A%2FHRC%2FRES%2F46%2F5&Language=E&DeviceType=Desktop&LangRequested=False
13. https://undocs.org/A/HRC/39/47/Add.1, paras. 29-39
14. See Human Rights Committee, General Comment 14 on the right to life https://www.refworld.org/docid/453883f911.html
1 Amerikar trilioi bat = europar bilioi bat.
2. Amerikar bilioi bat = mila milioi europar.
3 Also in the Basque Country?