BRICS 2024 (goi-bilera) (5)

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this week Russian President Vladimir

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Putin scored a big win despite Western

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efforts to isolate him he just wrapped

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up a brick Summit Russia hosted leaders

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from 36 countries in the city of Kazan

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and Putin took this opportunity to make

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an appeal he asked brics Nations to

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ditch the Western banking order the

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dollar was used as a weapon it is true

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and we see

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that I think it is a great take by those

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who do it Putin says the West weaponizes

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the dollar and he has a point but what’s

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the solution well he says the bricks

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should have their own payment system an

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alternative to the Western system which

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is called Swift and what is Swift

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imagine you’re a banker a customer comes

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to you they want to send money abroad

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and they give you all the details like

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how much money needs to be transferred

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the bank details of the recipients and

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so on so you have those details now it

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is your job to make sure that the money

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ends up in the right place how do you do

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that you see for international transfers

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banks have a special messaging system

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think of it as a secure WhatsApp for

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banks or their version of

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it this system is called Swift so as a

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bank when you transfer money for your

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customer you open the Swift system there

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you send a message to the recipient Bank

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this message tells them how much money

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is being sent and where it needs to go

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go now while Swift does not move the

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money itself it makes sure that the

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money ends up in the right place Swift

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stands for Society for worldwide

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interbank Financial telecommunication

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swif Swift is what enables International

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banking so the system plays a vital role

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without it you cannot participate in

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international banking more than 11,000

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Banks and financial institutions use the

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Swift system they are based in more than

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200 countries and territories now Swift

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is technically a neutral organization it

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is based in Belgium but the West wields

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significant influence over Swift the

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system itself was created by a

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Consortium of us and European banks in

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1973 so if Western nations want they can

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push a country out of Swift and that’s

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exactly what they did to Russia when

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Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022 Western

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Nations sanctioned seven Russian Banks

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they were removed from the Swift system

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effectively these Banks were cut off

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from global trade and international

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markets they could not Finance

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International projects they could not

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make or receive payments from their

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customers

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outside so you can imagine why Putin is

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upset with the Western system and why

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he’s pushing bricks to come up with an

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alternative another villain in the story

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is the US dollar it dominates the global

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banking system so Putin is talking about

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dollarization in fact bricks has been

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discussing this for a while

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in the last Summit too dollarization

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came up South Africa was the host then

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bricks leaders agreed to keep talking

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but they haven’t been able to come up

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with any alternatives

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yet individually bricks members have

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their own Arrangements they trade in

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their native currencies mostly through

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bilateral arrangements and the group may

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want to De dollarize but central banks

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across the world are not ready for this

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they still depend on the green back most

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foreign exchange reserves are still held

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in the US dollar the share of the US

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dollar in Forex reserves internationally

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stands at

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59% so how can the bricks break the

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Dollar’s hijman can India help in

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building an alternative system at the

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Kazan Summit Prime Minister Modi made a

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pitch for India’s

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UPI bricks Beach Financial

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local

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currencies

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or

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cross payments

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interface

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UPI success

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story Prime Minister Modi was referring

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to the UAE the newly minted member of

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bricks this year UPI was introduced in

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Dubai UPI stands for unified payment

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system it is the backbone of digital

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payments in India so far the UPI has

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been rolled out in seven countries and

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this list is expected to grow in the

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coming months over 30 countries have

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shown interest in adopting this Indian

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system so should the bricks consider

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using it too the idea is appealing but

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not without its own set of

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challenges like how would a single

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platform form handle multiple currencies

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how do you settle transactions in real

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time without the risk of currency

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devaluation more importantly how do you

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build consensus among member countries

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to adopt the UPI would India for

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instance be willing to share the UPI

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with members like China a neighbor that

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keeps challenging India’s sovereignity

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clearly a lot of work needs to be done

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on all these fronts having said that the

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bricks must keep exploring all

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Alternatives you see the global order

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cannot be changed in one day but it can

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certainly be challenged one initiative

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at a

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time first post decodes the US

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election explains how America chooses

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its

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president your primer on the race to the

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White

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[Music]

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House everything you need to know about

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how America

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votes and its Global implications

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us election explained every Monday and

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Thursday only on first post

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this week on the agenda the model of a

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multi-polar world will examine the real

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impact of the latest brick Summit in

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Kazan and what it means for the future

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of the developing

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[Music]

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World China’s president xiin ping and

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India’s prime minister Narendra Modi

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were among the world leaders to join

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Vladimir Putin in Kazam this week for

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the 2024 brick Summit it’s the first

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such Gathering since the group added new

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members Egypt Ethiopia Iran and the

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United Arab Emirates and if this week’s

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discussions are anything to go by bricks

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is only set to get bigger with countries

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from across the global South pushing to

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join up so what does this all this

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really mean for the global balance of

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power we joining me now or our KB oku

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former senior Minister and special

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adviser to the prime minister of

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Ethiopia IOP and now British Academy

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Global professor at soas in London

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Hussein haridi Egypt’s former assistant

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foreign minister radak Desai professor

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at the department of political studies

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at the University of Manitoba and

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director of the geopolitical economy

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research group and Michela gachi former

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under Secretary of State at the Italian

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Ministry of Economic Development what a

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panel thank you all of you for for

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coming on the agenda um

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let me let me start with you because

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this was the first bricks Summit since

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its expansion to include more countries

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than that original five um including of

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course Ethiopia what difference would

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you say that’s made the expansion of

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bricks uh and its first session this

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year has significant uh uh implication

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and and and also it’s an important

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political uh statement uh first in terms

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of diversity and uh uh and

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inclusiveness uh now three African uh

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countries are members of bricks uh which

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have account about 20% of uh uh Africa’s

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population as well as accounting to a

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set of Africa’s GDP in Middle East we

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can also see that the three uh new

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members also uh have significant

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economic size close to two trillion and

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they are 1 of oil producers globally uh

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and this brings a new energy and

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dynamism so it’s not about diversity but

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also they come up with uh significant uh

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strengths and uh this is now symbolic uh

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because it’s the first time that bricks

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has expanded since this establishment in

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2010 and and all these member countries

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one common uh Factor has been the strong

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development aspiration and also interest

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to reform the global governance

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system husin I wonder do you agree with

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all of that from an Egyptian perspective

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yes definitely uh from an Egyptian point

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of view I would like to add that brings

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to our memory uh memories that we

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cherish uh as far as Egyptian foreign

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policy is concerned the history of the

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non-aligned movement and uh and and and

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that the develop in the develop

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developing countries of the third world

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now they are called the global

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sou uh had a voice in international

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politics and pursued uh foreign a

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foreign policy that protected and defend

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defended their national interests away

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from

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polarization uh of the Cold War years uh

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during the with the uh coming of the

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Biden admin

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ation uh there is a new what I would

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call a new uh uh uh Cold War Spirit

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governing uh International politics and

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we here in Egypt we uh we we have

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suffered from the polarization that the

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Biden Administration has produced has

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caused in the last three years and a

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half and uh with with with with our

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membership in in bricks we hope we hope

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that this new grouping a new grouping in

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international politics would play a

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stabilizing role and would prevent

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further polarization of the

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International System so let’s talk a

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little bit more about about that Global

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um land stap radicar because you know

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economic cooperation has really been at

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the at the heart of bricks and the IMF

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has reported that the combined GDP of

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its members now outstrips that of the

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the G7 but but how do you think that

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that the global landscape has changed

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since that last brick Summit and I

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wonder what impact that might be having

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then on the group shared

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goals yeah I mean sure absolutely

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economic cooperation is absolutely

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Central and that is what this particular

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phase you can say of South South

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cooperation represented by the bricks um

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that that’s a continuous with the

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earlier phase which gave rise to the

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non- Align movement and the demand for

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the new international econom IC order

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which was revived as recently as

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September of 2022 so in all of those

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ways there is a continuity and

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development is absolutely at the core

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now you ask how have things changed

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since the last uh meeting well first of

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all there has been the expansion and I

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would say that’s huge because you have

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to understand that on the that the that

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the differences among the bricks also

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exist so every time any step concrete

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step is taken it represents that that

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minimum of agreement that’s still

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possible despite the differences and I

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think that is very significant that they

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were able to to to invite all these new

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members but there are some other things

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this expansion includes Iran which since

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the last Summit has become the target of

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significant attack and I think that’s

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important and it seems to me that there

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is a there there there will be a fair

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degree of agreement within the bricks to

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stand behind Iran uh um and so and I

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think beginning the commentary in the

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west is beginning to register that they

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have to take bricks seriously M I want

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to bring you in now um because we keep

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talking about um it’s non-aligned

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perspective and Vladimir Putin has said

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that he hoped um that bricks would

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challenge what he calls Western hegemony

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and that’s a key goal of of China’s um

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foreign policy too isn’t it so I wonder

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what you take it to mean and how maybe

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this meeting might have moved that

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agenda forward

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idea that Putin has and I had a chance

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to talk to him directly is that of

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course he believes that the era of us

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emony is over and of course he

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personally lived through the early 90s

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with the dissolution of the Soviet Union

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and the beginning and the birth of the

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unipolar world with the US dominance so

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now after 25 years he with cin ping Modi

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and others they don’t really want to

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have a a gony substitution so the bricks

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will become an emonic power on the rest

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of the world rather they want to in a

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way destroy the philosophy of zero some

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game that is embedded in the DNA of as

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Western leaders and the US where if I

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win you must lose and move on into

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something that of course is promoted by

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China win-win Shar benefits where if you

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win I also win and if I may I use a

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metaphor the Western countries see the

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relations with other countries like a

8:16

tennis match if I win you lose the

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global South and the bricks are trying

8:22

to develop something that is more like

8:24

dancing Tango where you need to dance

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well so that I can also dance well and

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if you fall I will fall it is hard but

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it is reassuring that especially these

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days of Crisis and Wars we have a group

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of countries that do not want to

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supplant in fact I think Putin said any

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NATO EU member that wants to join the

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bricks can do so and I as a politician

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in Italy want to see Italy to be part of

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the capital of the new development Bank

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the the Bri brick bank so we want I

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personally as a politician I want Italy

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to be involved in this new uh phenomenon

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it’s not an alliance we don’t want to be

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left out we don’t want to be seven

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countries against

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193 in the rest of the world we want to

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be part of these new forms of

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cooperation I didn’t call them Alliance

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that goes across development of

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infrastructure

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exchanges uh find Alternatives not to

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replace but to counterbalance the emony

9:33

so that the world becomes more balanced

9:35

now that India and China especially will

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soon return to the role that has always

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been theirs since 2,000 years which is

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the two largest economies of the world

9:47

the dominance of the West is a something

9:50

blip in the last 180 years in the

9:52

history of

9:54

mankind it’s interesting the analogy you

9:56

use the the dancing although the Tango

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you pict is particularly technical um

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but look president she put it like this

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he says that um the world is really a p

10:07

well they want to be a pillar of global

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multipolarity so Arab I wonder how close

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you think bricks is to to achieving that

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goal of becoming a real Global power but

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a multi-polar world rather than one

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which is um

10:24

bipolar yeah absolutely right I mean the

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uh the bre has emerged as an important

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uh uh representation or a pillar of the

10:36

global multipolarity and to understand

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this we have to bear in mind that uh the

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current Global Order was the foundation

10:45

was laid uh at the end of World War II

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uh and and one of the key Milestones has

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been the establishment of the Britain

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Woods institutions for instance and on

10:57

major uh issues even after eight years

10:59

now it’s mainly G7 countries which

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decide major issues if we remember last

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year the African Union presented a case

11:08

on taxation of multinational

11:10

corporations and United Nation majority

11:14

members supported it unanimously with

11:16

the exception of G7 countries so this

11:19

clearly establishes the uh the global

11:21

order needs to shift because it has

11:25

excluded over 80% of world population is

11:29

have excluded major economic players in

11:33

1944 or 45 the global GDP was only 4

11:38

trillion now it’s uh 110 trillion uh

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dollars if you look at global population

11:45

or world population it was only about

11:48

two billion population now it’s almost 8

11:52

billion so the world has changed but the

11:55

global governance has not shifted and

11:57

now the new bricks

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have a significant economic contribution

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to the global order and they are also

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major players in global uh

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transformation as well and I want to

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highlight for instance on the global

12:14

green transformation in the fight

12:16

against climate change it’s not the

12:18

wealthy countries that are at the

12:20

Forefront the global leaders in green

12:23

transformation are the bricks country uh

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presented by China as as well as India

12:30

so this is bringing that a new Global

12:34

multipolarity and I fully agree with

12:36

President she’s uh uh statement radika I

12:40

can see you nodding vifer usly um there

12:43

about the the clout that the the bricks

12:45

could have as a unit um yet Jim O’Neal

12:48

The Economist who coined the acronym

12:50

bricks back in 2001 he said I’m not sure

12:55

what fruitful purpose it serves other

12:57

than being a club that the US

12:59

is not part of I mean what do you think

13:02

or is that a too typically Western

13:05

View well you know it is a bit

13:08

disappointing to see that the man who

13:10

had the prean to see back at the turn of

13:13

the century that uh China and India as

13:16

the two most human resource intensive

13:18

countries and uh Russia and Brazil as

13:21

the two most uh natural resource uh uh

13:24

intensive countries had the capacity to

13:26

essentially shift the center of gravity

13:28

of the world economy um away from the

13:31

west where it has been only as as I

13:33

think Michel quite rightly pointed out I

13:35

was smiling when he said that because

13:37

that’s exactly the term I used in my

13:39

class the other day I said that this

13:41

Western dominance has been a blip if you

13:43

look at the longer uh span of human

13:46

history so Jim O’Neal could see that

13:47

already at the turn of the century and

13:49

remember we were still at the height of

13:51

the triumphalism about how the United

13:53

States had won the Cold War and that we

13:55

were in a unipolar moment and uh and and

13:58

we would enjoy a peace dividend of

14:00

course we have enjoyed nothing of the

14:01

sort so it’s it’s too sad to see that

14:04

this guy is now engaged in the

14:06

collective burial of the head in the

14:08

sand thing that the West is doing if you

14:11

read the Western papers you’d never know

14:13

that such an important Summit was taking

14:14

place in Kazan you’d never know

14:16

dollarization was on the agenda and I

14:18

think they are in denial about not just

14:21

one thing which is yes um the bricks

14:23

represent a kind of a nonwestern block

14:26

if not anti-western block and it has to

14:28

be non-western because as uh uh uh okai

14:32

just said the fact is that they are

14:33

being kept out by the the countries that

14:37

dominate uh the intern institutions of

14:40

international economic governance so

14:41

they have to create alternative they’ve

14:43

tried very hard to try to reform the IMF

14:46

the World Bank Etc so now they have to

14:48

do something else so that’s what they’re

14:50

doing and so it it’s it’s a different

14:52

philosophy of international economic

14:54

governance but there’s something else

14:56

the bricks are represent in potential

15:00

and will increasingly push be pushed

15:01

towards if they wish to continue robust

15:03

growth continue development away from

15:06

the kind of pro corporate governance

15:08

which has been the downfall of the West

15:10

because this shift in the center of

15:12

gravity is taking place because of the

15:14

rise of the other countries the bricks

15:16

and other countries but also because of

15:18

the relative decline of the West which

15:20

is because they are pursuing policies

15:23

that are self-destructive you can’t just

15:25

promote the interests of a small number

15:27

of Corporations and expect the whole

15:29

economy to thrive and yet there are big

15:33

issues that a lot of the members have

15:35

different opinions on um so M I want to

15:38

bring you back in here because you know

15:40

so many Global entities and I’m thinking

15:43

the European Union um for for example

15:45

have a problem speaking with one voice

15:48

on on any number of issues and how much

15:51

of a problem is that within bricks

15:54

to H it is a problem you very smartly

15:59

May pointed out and I didn’t use the

16:01

Tango metaphor by chance Tango is

16:04

difficult and challenging and it does

16:07

need a lot of coordination and

16:09

preparation when it works it works very

16:11

well but indeed there are problems

16:13

because these are 10 maybe growing to 15

16:17

countries that have different economic

16:21

structures uh Rica mention one is a

16:23

population the others are resources

16:26

other are other types of resources

16:28

remember the new bricks together now

16:31

control 45% of the overall World oil

16:37

Reserve so half of the oil is inside the

16:39

bricks so this is not a group of

16:41

countries that we should wage uh

16:46

commercial Wars against the European

16:50

Union sadly is a non entity in the

16:55

global Arena uh it has no common foreign

16:59

policy uh he has no common view of which

17:03

way to look at I must also even more

17:07

sadly admit that the level of knowledge

17:11

skills of the current ministers and I

17:15

don’t mention names of the 27 countries

17:18

is not adequate to face the complexity

17:23

of today’s challenges we’ll pause there

17:25

but stay with us as still to come here

17:27

on the agenda a new power for peace can

17:31

the bricks Nations become the Guardians

17:33

of Global Security

17:36

[Music]

17:43

[Music]

18:11

we are all

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connected across

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borders across

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continents connected by

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ideas a shared

18:24

[Music]

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Humanity stay connected

18:35

[Music]

18:39

welcome back to the agenda and let’s

18:41

return now to our discussion of the

18:43

recent brick Summit in Kazan still with

18:46

me R KB okabi former senior Minister and

18:49

special advisor to the prime minister of

18:51

Ethiopia and now British Academy Global

18:54

professor at soas in London Hussein

18:57

haridi Egypt’s former assistant foreign

19:00

minister radak Desai professor at the

19:02

department of political studies at the

19:04

University of Manitoba and director of

19:07

the geopolitical economy research group

19:10

and Michaela gachi former under

19:12

Secretary of State at the Italian

19:14

Ministry of Economic Development let’s

19:16

talk a little bit more about expansion

19:19

um husin Putin has said that there were

19:21

around 30 countries who are interested

19:23

in joining or cooperating more closely

19:26

um with bricks what’s really in it um

19:29

for countries like Egypt no I guess it’s

19:32

uh it’s uh politics International

19:36

Security Regional security uh and a host

19:40

of other issues that are of major

19:42

concern not only uh for Egypt but for

19:47

African and Arab countries like for

19:49

instance climate change and the negative

19:52

impact that the climate change has on

19:56

our uh economies so it’s a it’s a a as

20:00

far as Egypt is concerned it’s more of a

20:03

comprehensive approach to the future of

20:06

the International System uh I wouldn’t

20:09

say that our interests our national

20:12

interests have been uh greatly served by

20:16

the uh polarization taking place in the

20:19

world to today economically and

20:22

financially we we have suffered we have

20:25

suffered a lot during the last three

20:27

years before because of the war in in in

20:30

Ukraine and I’m not going to get into

20:33

the true causes of the outbreak of this

20:35

of this war but definitely we we we we

20:39

we have welcomed the attitude taken by

20:43

the Kazan Summit of the bricks plus

20:46

countries in the LA and and this week uh

20:50

about calling for a peaceful settlement

20:54

of the war of Ukraine and if there is a

20:57

country in the world

20:59

that wants to see uh that happening not

21:03

tomorrow but right now it’s it’s it’s

21:06

it’s Egypt so this is one point the

21:08

second point is that of course being a

21:10

member being a member in This Club of of

21:14

of of I would say uh big Powers emerging

21:18

power for instance I would for instance

21:21

India India is projected to become the

21:24

third H economic power in the world by

21:28

the year 2030 so we we would like being

21:32

we we believe that being a member in

21:34

this club o of Nations that are not

21:37

seeking hegemony over World politics

21:41

would magnify the role of Egypt on the

21:44

international scene and in the meantime

21:46

would help us defend our interests uh

21:50

whether in the region or worldwide

21:53

whether we are speaking about security

21:55

questions Regional security or uh

21:58

International Affairs yeah and so we we

22:02

are hopeful in Egypt in K we are very

22:05

hopeful about our membership and about

22:07

the potential of an uh enlarged bricks

22:11

in in in in in the future of the world

22:15

order the conflict in Ukraine was not

22:18

off the table you China’s president shei

22:21

called on bricks members to work for

22:23

peace and act um as guardians of of

22:26

common security and and to help

22:28

deescalate the situation in Ukraine

22:31

specifically can Bricks now be in a POS

22:35

be in a position to be a genuine

22:38

Peacemaker across the

22:41

world well I mean that’s a very big

22:44

question because there are so many

22:45

different moving parts to the situation

22:47

in Ukraine it seems to me that in so far

22:50

as we are going to see peace in Ukraine

22:52

and it’ll probably come in some form uh

22:55

probably only after the election in the

22:57

United States uh but nevertheless it’ll

22:59

probably come and that will really be

23:01

determined by Russia’s gains on the

23:03

ground which are substantial from what I

23:06

understand uh so that the reality on the

23:09

ground will be created and it seems that

23:11

president zalinsky has increasingly been

23:13

signaling that he is willing to talk

23:16

because it’s becoming very clear that

23:18

the um the West is no longer in a

23:21

position where it can keep fueling this

23:23

unwinable war in which in any case you

23:26

know it is ukrainians who are dying I

23:28

mean as John me shimer pointed out the

23:30

West is fighting Russia to the last

23:32

Ukrainian and we’re almost at the last

23:35

Ukrainian so things are pretty bad for

23:36

Ukraine so so that’s one so so I don’t

23:39

think much will have to be done by the

23:41

bricks per se although of course they

23:43

would like to see their principles that

23:46

they have always avowed the original

23:47

principles of the UN Charter the

23:49

principles of mutual cooperation respect

23:51

for sovereignty etc etc and they will be

23:54

abided by in any peace agreement that

23:56

comes about but it’s also the case that

23:58

the the bricks uh countries are making

24:00

substantial effort to try to resolve

24:02

conflict within among brics members and

24:05

I think that is also a very good

24:08

thing rkb bricks isn’t just about um

24:13

what’s going on geopolitically and about

24:15

economics there’s also those peop to

24:17

people um connections which are so

24:19

important and president XI announced

24:21

those plans in his speech to establish

24:23

10 overseas Learning Centers in bricks

24:26

countries to provide training

24:28

opportunities for for a thousand

24:30

education administrators for teachers

24:33

for for students and do you think we’re

24:35

going to see more of this kind of type

24:37

of agreement between

24:39

members an enduring uh uh partnership

24:44

has basically to involve the People to

24:47

People

24:48

communication uh if you look from the

24:50

broader perspective we want bricks to

24:53

bring higher economic growths we want uh

24:57

bricks to play an important control in

24:59

poverty reduction as we know a key

25:01

problem in many low-income developing

25:04

countries is ending poverty uh so this

25:07

is one one major pillar there are

25:09

multiple opportunities that has been

25:12

highlighted for instance partnership

25:15

among tin tanks exchanges partnership

25:18

among parliamentarians among the member

25:21

countries in addition to this also the

25:24

pillar uh cooperation is not only among

25:27

bricks countries but also championing

25:30

the issues of the global sou which by

25:35

now as we all know 75% of all its

25:37

population lives in emerging and

25:39

developing countries so the ideas and

25:42

the suggestions that have been proposed

25:45

so far are absolutely important but I

25:48

believe this is a work in progress and

25:50

new additional initiatives are going to

25:53

come as we have seen during the

25:55

implementation of the China Africa uh

25:58

partnership or cooperation as we all

26:00

know during fak first and also the

26:05

subsequent

26:06

fak Summits until the most recent in

26:10

September in Beijing various initiatives

26:13

were taken that brought every time the

26:15

partnership into a much more stronger uh

26:19

and and solid uh found uh uh level we

26:23

very briefly touched on um the green

26:25

transition and on um Innovation and on

26:28

on the economy but I’m quite conscious

26:30

we haven’t really talked about shaking

26:31

up Global Financial systems so Michaela

26:34

where do you see the future for

26:37

bricks I think the path of the

26:41

dollarization is going to be a difficult

26:45

and a slow one and I do know that uh

26:49

countries do not really want their own

26:51

currency to become an international

26:53

currency because that creates a lot of

26:55

problem on the balance of payments and

26:57

the gain from the so-called senior Edge

27:00

and people around the world flocking to

27:03

buy government bonds like the US does is

27:07

actually is probably a negative things

27:10

you don’t want foreigners to hold your

27:12

debt you want to keep the debt within

27:14

your citizen like Japan does even if he

27:17

has a very high level of Deb so I don’t

27:20

think there is going to be any new

27:21

bricks currency because that also brings

27:24

a second point that all the currency

27:26

need to be locked into a fixed Exchange

27:28

regime which is would destroy completely

27:31

the economies of the bricks countries so

27:33

you cannot create a new country you can

27:35

do what it’s been done now like Russia

27:38

and China they trade and settled those

27:42

their goods in either ring b or rubles

27:46

or with India on rupias and as long as

27:49

there is a let’s say a statistically

27:51

large enough number of bricks country

27:54

you could think that you could trade a

27:57

ro

27:58

even where the trade does not directly

28:00

involve the India because then the

28:02

recipient say Saudi Arabia would

28:05

probably needed to buy goods from India

28:08

just like we do with the dollar so I’m a

28:10

little bit not very enthusiastic about

28:14

this idea of dollarization nor I believe

28:16

it is in the interest of the countries

28:19

but with the meaning that I don’t see a

28:22

new Reserve currency but I do see using

28:25

other currency instead of the dollar

28:28

even I say provocatively going back to

28:31

some kind of barter system where I don’t

28:34

know Saudi Arabia sells one barrel of

28:38

oil and buys $100 worth of solar panels

28:43

from China and that transaction can be

28:46

done with zero exchange of money of any

28:50

cenes Michela Karachi AR

28:53

ubai Rika Desai and Hussein haridi thank

28:57

you all very much much thank you madam

29:00

you can watch every episode of the

29:02

agenda in full on cgtn Europe’s YouTube

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channel and for exclusive extra content

29:08

from me my guests and the rest of the

29:10

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29:15

Tok coming up on a future agenda who

29:19

will pay to save the planet we look

29:21

ahead to the cop 29 climate Summit in

29:25

aaban but for now from me Juliet man and

29:27

from all the agenda team here in London

29:29

goodbye

29:34

[Music]

oooooo